Manuel Antonio Velandia Mora
Political Science University of Alicante
Alicante, May 2010
"Each reality ignored recounts his own revenge."
José Ortega y Gasset
In this paper is based on the video called "Creative Leadership", produced from idea and script by Cesar Diaz-Carrera, with the co-writer on Moro and Javier Diez Javier Diez Moro being filmmakers and Eva Montejano, under the guidance of IDEC Institutional Development Institute of Creative Leadership.
Cesar Diaz-Carrera relates the development of creative leadership with the Systems Theory and the Ontology of Language, conceptual foundations of great importance when explaining the leadership question. Diaz-Carrera, quoting Warren Bennis says that leadership is "the subject most studied and most misunderstood of social science" (1); to come close to understanding the subject, the aim of this study is to understand the leader as a generator of meaning seeing the light of a systemic epistemology and ontology of incorporation.
These paradigms us back on the one hand, the creative dimension of the word and the leader to father proposed innovative, effective and valuable, then it follows the importance of language, especially when it is understood from the Ontology Language, and secondly, to understand that emergencies that raises a leader not a result of chance or improvisation but the interrelationships and interdependencies interaffectivity experiencing to internal or systems in which the leader acts as such, understanding, explaining, justifying a systematic order.
What is and what is the word leader? wonders in the video. The definitions are varied, but since its Anglo-Saxon etymology can conclude that a leader is who can "Manage your life and manage the environment," said Diaz-Carrera. Since its inception
particle "lid" from the Latin lis-lis (nominative and genitive Latinos, respectively), means a dispute, complaint or process: to act so as to have some clarity to separate and distinguish the constituent parts of something or someone, so removing them which are not suitable for their growth and development, producing by this process some complaint or pain. The leader, then, we find some characteristic features that can be followed in its etymological meaning. The leader is he who sees, according to some mental clarity and intellectual what is dysfunctional or broken in some of the constituent parts of something or someone. That something or someone can be a person, a process or thing. The leader, as well as see, what separates it off and pruning. Thus, and according to this way of understanding, the leader is the one that removes those parts of things, people or processes that prevent them grow, develop and be fully genuine and what is or aspire to be, naturally . The leader is a healer of people and things that do not work well, as can be discerned in them which prevents them from progressing, and helps to remove it, not without some pain that can result in complaints. (2) Considering
the word leader as deriving from the English leader, what is the meaning of taking the Royal English Academy of Language, we must go back to the etymology of the word consideration. Leader means, in its verbal and overall, led in a way, serve as an indicator of route and be a channel or conductor for something, among other meanings. Thus, leader means the act of leading to progress and go forward. However, the guide is not only who knows the way but who knows the skills and abilities of those who travel the road. Therefore, the leader is not only one who knows the path that leads from the place where you are until you want to be, the way mission, but who knows in depth the skills of their subordinates. For this reason, this etymology shows the need for such knowledge. In this agrees well with the Latin etymology, their senses are similar. So, the leader must be an expert on the reality of being human, and the way you want to help you go. The word comes from the old guide Indo-European root Weid, which means seeing. This view is not just superficial, but deep and contemplative, as he guided by any way concerned should know as much detail as the necessities and secrets of it. The guide is the one who contemplates and knows in depth the way, he shows, and helps to navigate it. (3) Etymologically
leader charged power means stone, talisman, guide star, travel, someone with values \u200b\u200bthat emerge when the situation demands, with capacity to lead and is someone who accompanies the trip, says Diaz-Carrera, who also says that "Words are generating worlds, unaware of the meaning can not be ignored, another reason to understand why this college professor gives importance to Ontology Language.
be a leader on the various guests and invited to consider video is: know how to fix the project have clear values \u200b\u200band where wants to go, listening skills, attitude prospective (advance: anticipate and prevent), coordination and of minds, teamwork, ability to surround yourself in the action and commitment, is the person who creates the conditions for others to give what best self, someone willing to help others, because it attempts to improve the reality, someone who has training and invest in their own training to emerge, is to contribute consciously long process of human evolution. Learn how to be a leader, be a guide to know how is the proposal of creative leadership.
Diaz-Carrera, proposes a "spiral leadership "six steps to become a creative leader, which he calls" IDEC Model "(4).
2. Change. Opportunity, communication.
3. Values. Thoughts, actions, decisions.
4. Power. Effectiveness, results
5. Authority. Efficiency, influence
6. Character, commitment, become yourself.
Vision is the ability to set a point of view, is the task to implement according to their own personal decision, the vision defines the reality that the leader guides his people, he notes that can be improved and design a project that shares with others. Max DePree
warns us that " the first duty of a leader is to define reality, the last to thank. Between them the leader has to become a server and a debtor. This sums up progress in the art of leadership . "
Man of the new millennium will have to become your own creative leaders in their own epic hero of epic ... The survive and contribute to the process of evolution. How? From the commitment to develop the best of himself, his unique brand, its uniqueness, to live experiences best "to balance their skills (and metadestrezas) with their goals. "(5)
" born or made? Above all it is, answer their own question Diaz-Carrera, argues that a predisposition that the leader is also affected by the type of education received and level domain in which the person moves. We must understand thoroughly to build lives and people in the knowledge society, he says. For those invited to the video, we are essentially creative, and therefore co-creators of our own reality, become projects and project dreams into realities.
Leadership is the experience of the triad attached:
We know it, transform it into a project. This is leadership. To be a leader's charisma is not necessary. The specific vocation of being human is action, requires three basic incentives: having the power and understanding. It also requires three archetypes, be enterprising and wise ruler.
Change:
comes from the future, its vision, its transformative project. "I am myself and my circumstances and if not save it, not me but me," said Ortega y Gasset. This leads us to the idea that the leader is a social, a cultural subject and a political subject, as well a being ecosystem. Being itself implies time know the reality in which one lives, to why we support a systemic view of language and ontology, enabling us to understand as oneness, sameness, otherness, alterity, but also as relational, the affecting / affected and yet so interdependent dynamic as the world itself, the reality in which we operate.
New problems require new solutions. You need to know where to go and the starting point is the reality in which we operate.
But for most that is systemic and has some expertise, "living a lonely accompanied by loss of identity not only by the knowledge that decisions are taken alone, by consensus to be "is essential for the leader, says a guest.
It requires creativity, enthusiasm, initiative, inner rebellion. Everything is more subtle than the most dense. On the basis of any act is a belief that takes the leader to create, to think, grow, beliefs determine the ideas, these actions and the results derived therefrom. Without determination, enthusiasm, commitment is impossible to reconcile the interests of the leader with the creative potential of team members. The leader must know to lead people (human capital), managing processes, advance work and achieve goals. . Top management combines two sets of skills: management and leadership.
Organizations must be willing to learn, organizations are open systems, networks, systems connections.
Securities to be leader must change, according to the needs of your project, at the personal, group, social. Created and recreated at the same time transforms the environment. Stated in our convictions. To educate is to draw out what makes us unique (uniqueness). It needs to be consistent and true to the values. Not only transmit knowledge, it also teaches that one is, attitudes are transmitted. Every leader is
learner and teacher, should form the succession, to train other leaders. To achieve it generates confidence and self-taught and learn to cope with life meaning. Each is a leader of his own existence. Develop critical thinking and draw their own conclusions, do not tell you what to think or do, learning to distinguish the immediate from the urgent, to generate sense and meaning and action, discernment of the objectives and prudent. Skip
dualistic vision requires a systemic view:
• To accept as being naturally creative.
• Connect with your potential unseen and know thyself.
• Openness to create what never existed.
• Join with others to jointly create a possible and plausible future
The leader has to
Power is understood as the noble ambition of community service. The authority is granted by the fans. Has anyone who gets to do something that otherwise would not do the other person. Leadership has more to do with the authority to serve other than to serve others.
Manager is who runs from the efficiency, controlled by rules and focuses on routine tasks in the here and now. The leader sets course, geared towards the vision, it is effective, the external value and future. Is focused on tasks that require sharpening the criteria. Is a model, a guide can create new models, policies, methodologies.
The leader must send (give a hand to raise the other, to serve the other) and lead. Be a means to an end.
Authority
Between the leader and his followers must be mutual trust should know talk, propose and agree. Motivate leaders to great causes. Leadership is an art. Max De Pree says that "the first duty of a leader is to define reality, the last one: to thank." The leader must become a server and a debtor. The creative leader is the ability to predict and anticipate.
must learn to diagnose, discern gaps and opportunities, support for achieving success; is a bridge between the future and the present. Leadership is a simple and complex phenomenon, Art and Science, sitting in personal qualities and interpersonal skills. Leadership is often explicit in terms and ratios, but the rope be required emotions. The cooperative realization of a vision, the desire to want to see done. A guest remembers "The idea is yours, the victory of all, the decision itself." Beyond
interesting empirical study on the "manager" world, led by Professor Rosabeth Moss Kanter of Harvard Business School, the main feature of the future "boss", we think, is its ability to combine the attitudes and abilities of the manager-executive director with the-leader. In other words, is someone who is both a technologist (or meta-technical) and humanólogo, which, true to the theorem of Gödel, beyond mere technological skills (no need to be a technician) and humanistic approaches scholars . Knowing the person and enhancing their values, know how to use the technology for it. (Max de Pree 1989, Blumen 1996). Their mission is to reduce uncertainties, clarify options. (6) The leader provides meaning to events, he alone can interpret the term operationally crisis, not in the sense of collapse ("break down ") but in the more dynamogenic of excess (" break through "). Being a leader means knowing the language, and use it properly, to use it. Character
Diaz-Carrera, refers to the nature understood as a set of internal features that you voluntarily choose to express it out.
Suffice it to say that the spiral model of leadership is not configured in a circular or closed but open. Having reached the point of departure after having traveled six points of the model and using the experience, one is able to refine the vision and go point by point with another consciousness. (7)
Guests proposed: it all depends on one, but the goals should be possible and utopian, to trust others. Trust each other is how to know the other. No pain, no knowledge, without knowledge there are no targets, no goals can not be a leader. Transform itself is the way to be happy. Be open to learn from others, be open to the knowledge of others, think that we have the truth can be the road to failure, you must be willing to accept explanations different from their own. This makes possible experiences, explanations, different emotions.
leader bridges a desirable future and the present improved for everyone to travel. Defines actually establishing a narrow diagnosis of the present situation, while designing the inspiring future scenario: the promised land that, together, have to build. And the articles of the draft instrument is language. We are, indeed, linguistic beings, and therefore symbolic, we live in language. The leader becomes, for the sake of his mission, a true Meaning maker, a genuine and authorized generator of meaning. That is, of meaning and guidance for action in their community of reference. (8)
ONTOLOGY LANGUAGE
Cognition is an explanation of the experience of watching built in language, considering that the language generated worlds. In this sense, the criterion of validity of what is known is given by the consensual effectiveness is determined by the conditions of listening to the listener, or more correctly, who heard the explanation. The effectiveness of what is observed, then, a product designed in democracy, hence this ontology accepts the relativity of knowledge, it is stated that there are many explanations of reality as people try to explain "multi-verse-with It is recognizing that we are not uni-causal, but interrelated and interdependent "systemic," is assuming that language is an instrument, but which has the power to build worlds, but also learning to recognize emotions in a different way, as a driver of human action.
That possibility has language to build worlds is that a word spoken by someone can transform us and make us completely happy, sad or hopelessly totally indifferent about it the leader plays a decisive role. The verse that we say or read it becomes a language that we understand as a generator of worlds. Our meetings or disagreements arise from the many verses that are just different expressions or explanations of the same reality.
When we speak of language as a generator of worlds, we are located in the proposed ontology language, since it aims to offer a new concept integrating the human phenomenon, reaching not only beyond the budgets of modern thought, but going beyond the basics of what is called "the metaphysical program," current that has come to dominate Western thinking for more than 25 centuries, with important figures such as Socrates, Plato and Aristotle, and has served as the basis for the linear form as we see life.
The proposed Ontology Language is not isolated, since it is part of an emerging movement that is permeating disparate fields of culture and relate to philosophy, history, politics, social, economic, but certainly where most challenging is in the field of communication, because it invites us to rethink what it means to be human as well as a leader, located outside metaphysical program basis.
This new ontology language proposal is supported by several authors, mainly in Nietzsche, Graves, (philosophers), Echeverría (sociologist) and Maturana (biologist), whose meeting point has been the quest to better understand the phenomenon of life human. In its postulates
Echeverría supports the thesis that "the social, for humans, it is in language. All social phenomena is always a linguistic phenomenon "(9).
Unable verbal communication without language, language has traditionally taken as its own individual capacity of a person, the individual is conceived as a precondition of language.
Velandia, states that "Since the ontology of language, it is postulated that this is not developed by an isolated individual, on the contrary, the language comes from the social interaction between human beings and, therefore, is a social phenomenon not biological. Thus we say that language is much more than a communication system symbolic, not an individual capacity, but an evolutionary trait that, based on specific biological conditions, arises from social interaction.
And it is this interaction between different persons where it appears a fundamental precondition of language: the establishment of a consensual domain, ie, that participants in social interaction share the same system of signs (gestures, sounds, etc.). for objects, actions or events in order to coordinate their joint actions. Without a consensual domain there is no language, in addition, there is no other path than that of language, outside of that there is no space in which we can rely. Human beings live in a world language. " (10)
However, the only consensual domain is insufficient to produce the phenomenon of language. We speak the language only when we observe a particular type of communication, when looking at members of a species in the coordination of coordination of actions, ie, that language is recursive coordination of behavior. A leader must know the language of micro-groups, groups, civil society associations, unions, communities ... with which it communicates, because common-unication can see if they speak different languages, since it is impossible to agree. It
"noting that Human beings are not the only species that has developed this kind of systems for coordinating activities that is called language, several studies have shown as bees, birds and dolphins have it. However, there are two radical differences between our language ability and other species: we cover a very large number of consensual and created new signs also have the ability recursive human language, ie the ability to turn language on itself same, thereby establishing the basis of what we thought and human reason. "(11) The leader should know the signs consensus of people, organizations and institutions with which it communicates.
Once constituted as individuals, thanks to the recursive capacity of human language, we can observe us (as) they (as) and the system we belong and we are able to go beyond us (as) and these systems. Our ability to reflect is that we can establish conversations with us (as) they (as) and the (as) others, about new possibilities, so we are able to intervene in the design of us (as) they ( as) and many others. " Human beings are languaging beings.
Language is crucial at the time of meeting needs, because satisfaction not depend solely on a desire to satisfy that has the person performing the actions of this creative leadership, but also, in great part on their ability to understand, understand and accept the other as a real one, ie not only person unique and constantly changing, but also as cultural subject. The leader meets needs, because they understand the reality and creates alternatives to respond to the needs of each group that is reacted. According
Velandia, understanding the language as a generator of worlds, "the word does not communicate but the word of an emergency in every person who listens and every one (of those common-unique) is understanding of a unique and particular (...), each explains, for example, health (illness, welfare) differently. " (12)
is where the ontology of language is attached to systems thinking. Because if you can not control the emergency, the leader if he is able to understand, if not all, some of the interrelationships and interdependencies interaffectivity occurring between those languaging.
communication requires a large number of essential elements. These include, for Pinto: recognizing the other, to accept in an exchange of trust, the look, knowing oneself, authenticity of the partners, respect for the originality and self-employment, the desire to share the concern to be understood, the attitude of listening and constant attention.
Etcheverría From the theory of an initial assumption regarding the ontology, is that " each statement made by an observer tells us about the kind of observer that the observer considers it (...). Whatever we do, say what you say, it always shows some understanding of what is possible for human beings and, therefore, an underlying ontology "(Echeverría, 1996), ie every time we act or say something, not only manifests the object on which we act or say, but mainly manifests an understanding of what it means to be human and, therefore, an ontology. The leader is reflected in the language you use and through this in the interpretations that make reality.
The greatest strength of the ontology of language is in the interpretation provided by the individual, since it is him and his world as linguistic constructions, thus providing a major expansion of human possibilities.
Our current culture is under siege by the crisis of paradigms, the meta, ideologies and utopias. We are witnessing the end a time, which is the same as saying we are witnessing the birth of a new era. Humanity had never witnessed so many cultural changes so much depth and magnitude of some of them at a speed as fast as can be seen today.
However, when trying to define the term culture, we find a difficulty, since it is a difficult concept to address when so many meanings. Pérez (2001) says that the average age of culture was related to body care and cultivation of the spirit. Later, in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the term was related to language, social life and the human being as the creator of culture. At one time, from social sciences, culture is defined as the shared system of values, norms, customs, ideals, symbols that serve as benchmarks of meaning of behavior and intellect. The leader is like every citizen a cultural being, a being who creates culture and is affected by this.
Although the reason centered paradigm has permeated all areas, including understanding of culture, rationalism that was leading the understanding of this has now been questioned by authors postulate a systemic integrity in the study of same (H. Maturana, E. Morin, R. Echeverría). They have argued that the culture is set to the constant interaction the triad of the emotions, language and corporeality.
The leader is a cultural being of their own time, to know what it says to do this we must understand the culture. Maturana and Verden-Zoller express that culture is "a closed network of conversations that constitutes and defines a way of human living as a network of coordination of emotions and actions taken as a particular configuration of the intertwining of action and the thrill of people living in that culture. " Taking this approach as a reference, culture can be understood as a "web of meaning constituted by socially constructed historical background, which as the metanarratives model and shape the emotional dynamics from which gives sense and meaning to the experiences and stories with personal, immediate interests and moods is done in a kind of conversational networks of people living culture. (14)
culture constitutes a particular form of relationship between specific human group, which is common in a particular way of moving us towards the world, thus creating the possibility of building an identity distinct from the other cultures . This process arises naturally and spontaneously when we live our everyday learning the thrill of the adults with whom we interact.
However, although every culture is a conservative system is closed to human beings who are immersed in it, they have the ability to influence her to transform and change their usual networks of conversations. In this regard, Maturana argues that a culture arises when human beings begin to conserve, for many generations, a new network of coordination of actions and emotions as their own way of living and thus disappears or is transformed when the network of conversations that is no longer maintained.
Diaz-Carrera raises " If important is the generation of sense to avoid existential neurosis people, not least the construction is to avoid collective sense of anomie and breakdown of our societies. Construct meaning thus becomes effective antidote to the universal law of entropy that leads to deterioration and ultimate demise of all living things and manufactured objects. And therefore a fundamental requirement for anyone who bet on life. Construct meaning is to inject order (enthalpy or negentropy) in a system (personal or collective) that its decay invariably left discretion. "(15)
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS Systems theory is based on the use of some of the properties of living systems (Echeverria, 1993, Johansen, 1998; O'Connor, Joseph and Mc Dermott, 1998), based on the property called dynamic complexity. Used to interpret the complex three other properties of living systems: interrelation and interdependence interafectación. A fourth element is taken into account for analysis and other property is called emergency systems.
In reality many times the leader does not see these relationships, disruption and / or units achieved only glimpse emergencies, hence it is necessary to understand, because the reality is especially dynamic complexity. Dynamic Complexity
is one in which the constituents system relate to each other in many ways. It is not necessarily true that the smaller the number of components would be easier to handle and understand, it all depends on the complexity of dynamic, by adding a new component to a new connections arise between it and the existing parts. These relationships add complexity to the system. Adding a party to a number of connections increases exponentially. It is necessary to differentiate the complexities: a simple complexity is that there is, for example, a puzzle is composed of many parts, these are related, but there are often ways to simplify, group or organization of this type of detail so that there is only one place for each piece, therefore, their connections are limited.
dynamic complexity in each part, however small, can affect the whole system, therefore all parts are interdependent and interacted with each other. The more change state components of a system and form alliances or connections, the greater its complexity. Under this principle is that the leader acts.
have an identity systems based on the sorts of relationships established and which are involved and the peculiarities inherent activities that allow us to distinguish them from other systems and determining them as such. Reality and knowledge are conceived as relations system.
Relationships are built on networks. The leader is part of the fabric of the network. The network is a community of people connected in different ways to share information, knowledge, orders, etc., In order to carry forward that meets the company. This business can be a real or virtual organization and the variety of networks can range from a very punctual as a group of friends, through all the more capricious forms of organization. The sole condition is that the group that organized the forms to be considered within the same.
connection or link between two or more elements of a system. In this connection not only link the elements, but also its properties.
Interafectación
printing Affect means to make someone or something, causing him or it any sense. There interafectación when two or more items listed in the same system have a mutual affection. It is recalled that from the conceptual proposal of emotions as drivers of human action the leader as any other human being is an emotional subject, rather than a rational subject. The emotions, thoughts and actions shape each other. We are what we can do our brains. Interdependence
Unit is the subordination that has an item, event or person to a foreign power whose energy is required for domestic or relational dynamics of it. There interdependence when two or more items listed in a system requiring each other's energy.
At the junction of the three ovals appears a fourth element, the emergency, what appears to the system, which is usually what is easier to grasp at first sight or even if they observe or analyze in depth not seen or not captured, but can be taken as indicative and be abducted. Emergency
are the essential properties of an organism, living or network system, those properties are at all since none of the parties, as such, possesses. Emergence can be explained as a property of any system, since it functions as an integrated and inclusive and has properties different from those of its component parts. These properties of the whole called emerging.
can not explain the emergent properties of a system parses each of its parts, as emergencies only appear when the system acts as a full unit. These properties are destroyed when the system is dissected and theoretical physics.
Whenever there is involvement and inter-dependence, provided there is because there interafectación connection and dependence, provided that there is interdependence is because there is relationship and involvement. This condition makes for a permanent cross-linking of all elements of a system or different systems relate to each other, for this kind of linkage is called network, which is the space link which moves the leader, are organizations, institutions or households, in any case clusters in which people relate.
The network involves the exercise of the responsibility that is evident from the mutual recognition of their members. The link is set to the full exercise of mutual recognition of others as worthy, autonomous subject of rights. The leader must ensure that recognition and be it a full example. In addition, to recognize these conditions in itself and also as a subject of obligations assumed. In the common-unique is the essence of the network. Common-unication involves making one's own needs from the understanding and acceptance of difference with that one or the other, also like the uniqueness and individuality of all who participate.
The leader must always keep in mind that "Nothing can be done individually or as a natural person or as an individual nation or as an international person. By acting in any corner of the Earth, we affect in a sense, to a greater or lesser degree, positive or negative, our environment and the rest of mankind, and that reality must be taken into account ... "
" Nothing possible without people, nothing remains institutions. "
Jean Monnet.
" must act on what still there." Lao Tse
1. This source is quoted by Diaz-Race: The leader as a generator of meaning, authored by Warren Bennis, however in the video cited as author of the James Mc Gregory. http://www.aecpa.es/archivos/congresos/congreso_09/grupos-trabajo/area03/GT02/04.pdf
2. http://www.sabiduria.com/liderazgo/etimologia-de-la-palabra-lider/ 3. http://www.sabiduria.com/liderazgo/etimologia-de-la-palabra-lider/
4. Institute for the Development of Creative Leadership.
5. Diaz-Carrera, Cesar. Creative leadership profile and challenges in the third millennium. http://www.iacat.com/1-Cientifica/liderazgocreativo.htm
6. Op. Creative leadership profile and challenges in the third millennium.
7. Diaz-Carrera, Cesar. The leader as a generator of meaning. http://www.aecpa.es/archivos/congresos/congreso_09/grupos-trabajo/area03/GT02/04.pdf
8. Op. The leader as a generator of meaning
9. Etcheverría. Rafael. (1996). Ontology language. Dolmen Ediciones (3 rd Ed.) Santiago, Chile.
10. Velandia Mora, Manuel Antonio (2006). Strategies to build mutually supportive in the university classroom. Editorial Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia. Bogotá.
11. Op. Etcheverría. Rafael. (1996).
12. Velandia Mora, Manuel Antonio (2004). Sexual and reproductive health Module VI. Ministry of Health of Santander / UDES. Bucaramanga.
13. Pinto, 1997.
Ibid. 14. Maturana, Humberto - Verden-Zoller, Gerda (1994). Love and game. Forgotten fundamentals of the human. Editorial Institute of Te.
15. Op. Creative leadership profile and challenges in the third millennium.
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